IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2023
Appendices and Sources
The statistical tables are available for subscribers of the IMDWorld Competitiveness Online.
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Background Statistics
0.0.1 [B]
Exchange Rate National currency per US$ (average)
0.0.2 [B]
Population -market size Estimates in millions
0.0.3 [B]
GDP per capita US$ per capita
Factor I: Knowledge
1.1 Talent
1.1.1
Educational assessment PISA -Math PISA survey of 15-year olds .
1.1.2 [S]
International experience International experience of senior managers is generally significant
1.1.3 [S]
Foreign highly-skilled personnel Foreign highly-skilled personnel are attracted to your country’s business environment
1.1.4 [S]
Management of cities Management of cities supports business development Digital/Technological skills Digital/Technological skills are readily available
1.1.5 [S]
1.1.6
Net flow of international students Tertiary-level international students inbound minus students outbound (per 1000 people)
1.2 Training & education
1.2.1 [S]
Employee training Employee training is a high priority in companies
1.2.2
Total public expenditure on education Percentage of GDP
1.2.3
Higher education achievement Percentage of population that has attained at least tertiary education for persons 25-34
1.2.4
Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education) Number of pupils per teacher
1.2.5
Graduates in Sciences % of graduates in ICT, Engineering, Math & Natural Sciences Women with degrees Share of women who have a degree in the population 25-65
1.2.6
1.3 Scientific concentration
1.3.1
Total expenditure on R&D (%) Percentage of GDP
1.3.2
Total R&D personnel per capita Full-time work equivalent (FTE) per 1000 people
182
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