IMD World Digital Competitiveness

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES CHINA

u Overall top strengths Overall Top Strengths

w Overall top weaknesses Overall Top Weaknesses

KNOWLEDGE

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 19 13 12 12 14 37 40 35 33 43 09 02 01 09 09

Sub-Factors

Talent

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Talent

Rank

Rank

Rank

15 40 53 01 52 05 01

01 39 39 07 13 50

18 54 12 45

Employee training

Total expenditure on R&D (%)

u Educational assessment PISA - Math

Total public expenditure on education

Total R&D personnel per capita

w

International experience

Higher education achievement

Female researchers

Foreign highly skilled personnel

Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)

R&D productivity by publication

u

Management of cities

-

Graduates in Sciences

Scientific and technical employment

Digital/Technological skills

54

Women with degrees

High-tech patent grants

w

Net flow of international students

Robots in Education and R&D

u

TECHNOLOGY

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 20 18 15 16 20 32 31 27 27 26 32 32 28 24 20

Sub-Factors

Regulatory framework Capital

Technological framework

Capital

Technological framework

Regulatory framework

Rank

Rank

Rank

14 08 18 54 18 09

16 05 40 24 20 36

22 17 37 29 29 29

IT & media stock market capitalization

Communications technology

Starting a business

Funding for technological development

Mobile broadband subscribers

Enforcing contracts

Banking and financial services

Wireless broadband

Immigration laws

Country credit rating

Internet users

w

Development & application of tech.

Venture capital

Internet bandwidth speed

Scientific research legislation

Investment in Telecommunications

High-tech exports (%)

Intellectual property rights

FUTURE READINESS

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 24 17 19 22 20 01 04 03 03 04 41 35 32 32 32

Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility

IT integration

Business agility

IT integration

Adaptive attitudes

Rank

Rank

Rank

38 12 09 56 03 60

13 22 38 46 08

25 01 29 16 28 25

Opportunities and threats

E-Government

E-Participation

World robots distribution

Public-private partnerships

u

Internet retailing

Agility of companies

Cyber security

Tablet possession

Use of big data and analytics

Software piracy

w

Smartphone possession

Knowledge transfer

Government cyber security capacity

u

Attitudes toward globalization

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

Privacy protection by law content

w

75