IMD World Digital Competitiveness

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES BULGARIA

u Overall top strengths Overall Top Strengths

w Overall top weaknesses Overall Top Weaknesses

KNOWLEDGE

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 50 48 54 56 58 46 50 53 52 46 37 42 46 40 44

Sub-Factors

Talent

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Talent

Rank

Rank

Rank

44 39 12 45 41 14 48

42 61 63 48 43 52

61 41 47 14 47 36

Employee training

Total expenditure on R&D (%)

Educational assessment PISA - Math

Total public expenditure on education

Total R&D personnel per capita

International experience

Higher education achievement

Female researchers

u

w Foreign highly skilled personnel

Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)

R&D productivity by publication

u

Management of cities

Graduates in Sciences

Scientific and technical employment

Digital/Technological skills

Women with degrees

High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D

u

Net flow of international students

TECHNOLOGY

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 46 55 55 52 60 42 48 53 52 54 44 39 42 46 50

Sub-Factors

Regulatory framework Capital

Technological framework

Capital

Technological framework

Regulatory framework

Rank

Rank

Rank

48 39 22 56 48 37

47 31 63 57 61 61

43 54 54 44 46 39

IT & media stock market capitalization

Communications technology

Starting a business

Funding for technological development

Mobile broadband subscribers

Enforcing contracts

Banking and financial services

Wireless broadband

w Immigration laws

Country credit rating

Internet users

Development & application of tech.

Venture capital

Internet bandwidth speed

Scientific research legislation

Investment in Telecommunications

High-tech exports (%)

Intellectual property rights

FUTURE READINESS

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 43 41 45 39 50 56 40 61 56 62 47 47 53 49 57

Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility

IT integration

Business agility

IT integration

Adaptive attitudes

Rank

Rank

Rank

45 56 62 51 60 20

26 50 42 30 62

63 43 62 55 60 06

Opportunities and threats

E-Government

w

E-Participation

World robots distribution

Public-private partnerships

Internet retailing

Agility of companies

Cyber security

w

Tablet possession

Use of big data and analytics

Software piracy

Smartphone possession

Knowledge transfer

Government cyber security capacity

w Attitudes toward globalization

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

Privacy protection by law content

u

u

69