IMD World Digital Competitiveness

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Page 2: Factors breakdown & Strengths and Weaknesses This page shows the country’s performance over time for each of the nine sub-factors composing the three Digital Competitiveness Factors (Knowledge, Technology and Future Readiness) and their 54 criteria rankings for 2023.

1. Factors Breakdown Shows the 5-years evolution of the sub-factors rankings composing the three factors of Knowledge, Technology and Future Readiness. 2. Strengths and Weaknesses This section highlights the economy’s strongest and weakest criteria included in the World Digital Compet itiveness Ranking. The triangles ( ) identify the five top criteria in which the economy ranks best (strengths–filled triangle) and the five criteria in which its performance is the worst (weaknesses–empty triangle) compared to the other countries included in the WCY sample. The selec tion of indicators is determined by the standard deviation values (STD) of the country for that specific criteria. In other words, the criteria selected represent the highest STD values and the lowest STD values among the 54 indicators composing the World Digital Competitiveness Ranking and can thus be considered the digital compet itive advantages and disadvantages of the economy. The full criteria names can be found in the Appendix and the statistical tables are available for subscribers of the IMD World Competitiveness Online. It is important to note that what constitutes a strength or weakness is relative to each economy’s circumstances or development. Also, the ranking position of a country may not necessarily improve or decline as a consequence of its own evolution since it is always relative to the performance of the other economies. Therefore, an improvement may not be reflected by a higher ranking position if other economies have performed better for the criterion in question. The same can be said for any declines in performance–the economy’s ranking position relative to the others may or may not fall, depending on how the other economies have performed. 2023

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES ARGENTINA

u Overall top strengths w Overall top weaknesses

KNOWLEDGE

Subfactors

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 47 51 56 62 61 63 62 43 46 49 41 50 55 48 48

Talent Training & education Scientific concentration

Talent

Training & education

Total expenditure on R&D (%) Total R&D personnel per capita Scientific concentration

Rank

Educational assessment PISA - Math 54

Employee training

62 35

52 43

International experience

52 62 58 57 16

Total public expenditure on education

38 u

Foreign highly-skilled personnel

Higher education achievement

Female researchers

Management of cities

Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)

22 59 32

R&D productivity by publication Scientific and technical employment

23 51 58 36

Digital/Technological skills

Graduates in Sciences Women with degrees

u Net flow of international students

High-tech patent grants

Robots in Education and R&D

TECHNOLOGY

Subfactors

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 48 49 57 57 61 48 51 62 63 62 53 57 56 56 55

Technological framework Regulatory framework Capital

Regulatory framework

Capital

Communications technology Mobile Broadband subscribers Technological framework

Rank

38 w

Starting a business Enforcing contracts

IT & media stock market capitalization Funding for technological development

62 52 58 25 57 53

48 w 15 w 62 w 60 w

62 62 62 62 36

u Immigration laws

Banking and financial services

Wireless broadband

Development & application of tech.

Country credit rating

Internet users

Scientific research legislation Intellectual property rights

Venture capital

Internet bandwidth speed High-tech exports (%)

Investment in Telecommunications

FUTURE READINESS

Subfactors

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 49 57 49 50 49 37 48 39 43 37 52 52 52 59 53

Adaptive attitudes Business agility

IT integration

Adaptive attitudes

Business agility

E-Government IT integration

Rank

27 u

E-Participation Internet retailing Tablet possession

Opportunities and threats World robots distribution

14 36 57 41 56

29 57 61 58 33 31

39 40 50 61

Public-private partnerships

Agility of companies

Cyber security Software piracy

Smartphone possession

Use of big data and analytics

Attitudes toward globalization

Knowledge transfer

Government cyber security capacity Privacy protection by law content

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

OVERALL

KNOWLEDGE

2019

2020 59

2019 59

2021 61

2020 59

2022 59

2021 61

2023 61

2022 59

2023 61

2019

2020

2021

2019

2022

2020

2023

2021

2022

Argentina Australia Austria Bahrain Belgium Botswana

Argentina Australia 59 14 Austria Bahrain Belgium Botswana 20 - 25 -

58 50 55 58 62 15 17 19 14 15 10 11 10 13 16

15 17

14 20

20 16

15 17

14 18 32 23 61 52 48 10 41 17 60 43 45 33 01 20 07 22 19 50 09 42 21 44 51 24 15 39 29 53 36 08 34 25 30 31 55 62 06 27 12 57 56 46 38 26 49

20 16

16 22 38 15 60 57 55 11 42 19 62 44 51 24 04 18 08 27 23 52 10 47 17 49 45 21 13 43 32 50 34 06 41 40 28 26 33 54 63 02 25 14 56 59 39 36 29 48

14 18 32 23 61 52 48 10 41 17 60 43 45 33 01 20 07 22 19 50 09 42 21 44 51 24 15 39 29 53 36 08 34 25 30 31 55 62 06 27 12 57 56 46 38 26 49 -

16 22 38 15 60 57 55 11 42 19 62 44 51 24 04 18 08 27 23 52 10 47 17 49 45 21 13 43 32 50 34 06 41 40 28 26 33 54 63 02 25 14 56 59 39 36 29 48

- 34 36

34 36

26 63 51 52 13 39 15 59 55 43 33 04 25 11 24 18 44 02 45 21 46 53 19 17 40 28 49 32 12 37 30 22 27 56 62 07 23 09 57 58 41 34 29 50 -

26 63 51 52 13 39 15 59 55 43 33 04 25 11 24 18 44 02 45 21 46 53 19 17 40 28 49 32 12 37 30 22 27 56 62 07 23 09 57 58 41 34 29 50

23 21 21 21 12

- 64 55 52 -

64 55 52

Brazil

57 45 11 42 22

51 45 12 41 16 61 52 40 35 03 21 10 24 18 46 05 47 23 48 56 20 19 42 27 53 36 08 38 29 28 26 54 62 07 22 09 55 57 32 37 30 49

57 45 11 42 22 58 51 54 37 04 29 07 24 17 53 08 43 27 44 56 19 16 41 23 50 35 10 36 30 21 26 49 62 06 18 09 61 55 33 34 31 46

51 45 12 41 16 61 52 40 35 03 21 10 24 18 46 05 47 23 48 56 20 19 42 27 53 36 08 38 29 28 26 54 62 07 22 09 55 57 32 37 30 49 -

59 57 51 51 57 46 47 53 48 53 05 05 07 03 04 50 49 49 50 47 18 08 06 17 21 57 59 56 57 54 42 41 47 40 40 55 40 39 39 48 37 37 35 32 24 06 06 08 06 09 30 23 27 23 25 09 15 09 09 11 20 20 20 20 22 12 12 14 11 14 53 48 45 47 51 07 07 05 07 06 44 44 43 43 46 29 27 33 31 32 38 39 41 46 45 56 63 60 60 60 24 24 23 22 19 08 09 12 10 08 41 42 40 41 43 25 22 25 28 28 49 54 48 53 59 32 34 36 30 30 11 10 15 16 10 IT integration Argentina Australia Botswana Colombia 36 36 34 36 39 26 25 26 24 23 34 35 29 35 33 19 19 22 25 29 52 52 54 52 50 62 58 58 61 56 13 14 11 08 07 21 28 28 33 34 16 16 17 19 20 61 55 59 56 55 51 62 63 62 63 33 30 38 42 37 31 33 32 29 31 45 45 44 38 38 47 53 52 49 49 Czech Republic Denmark Hong Kong SAR - -

59 57 51 51 57 46 47 53 48 53 05 05 07 03 04 50 49 49 50 47 18 08 06 17 21 57 59 56 57 54 42 41 47 40 40 55 40 39 39 48 37 37 35 32 24 06 06 08 06 09 30 23 27 23 25 09 15 09 09 11 20 20 20 20 22 12 12 14 11 14 53 48 45 47 51 07 07 05 07 06 44 44 43 43 46 29 27 33 31 32 38 39 41 46 45 56 63 60 60 60 24 24 23 22 19 08 09 12 10 08 41 42 40 41 43 25 22 25 28 28 49 54 48 53 59 32 34 36 30 30 11 10 15 16 10 Austria Bahrain Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Canada Chile China Croatia 36 36 34 36 39 26 25 26 24 23 34 35 29 35 33 19 19 22 25 29 52 52 54 52 50 62 58 58 61 56 13 14 11 08 07 21 28 28 33 34 16 16 17 19 20 61 55 59 56 55 51 62 63 62 63 33 30 38 42 37 31 33 32 29 31 45 45 44 38 38 47 53 52 49 49 Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Japan - 44 Cyprus - - - - 44

Bulgaria Canada

Chile China

Colombia

Colombia 58

FUTURE READINESS

Croatia Cyprus

51 54

KNOWLEDGE

TECHNOLOGY

Czech Republic

Czech Republic 37

Denmark

Denmark 04

Estonia Finland France

29 07 24

Germany

Germany 17

- Talent 61 60 50 08 28 16 20 11 17 15 55 34 07 22 18 37 41 64 64 57 25 58 46 44 09 02 05 41 45 56 14 43 09 57 42 57 54 36 32 55 44 40 17 33 27 05 12 20 28 08 43 11 19 13 24 29 14 26 14 07 53 59 31 06 05 08 45 47 42 32 26 37 34 48 52 42 61 59 16 24 24 23 03 03 46 58 23 49 21 15 Training & -

education

Scientific

concentration

Regulatory

- framework 57 63 56 15 16 31 34 34 38 29 47 14 05 18 39 54 06 63 58 62 51 60 54 50 19 04 26 37 50 30 20 26 20 62 57 62 47 33 44 53 56 49 33 13 28 10 10 06 18 35 13 03 07 11 21 28 19 32 21 47 46 37 52 06 14 01 35 46 29 11 27 04 52 23 60 45 03 57 09 42 35 25 25 23 41 48 45 50 36 07 Capital -

Technological framework

Adaptive

- attitudes 55 38 53 04 42 23 24 22 13 49 32 50 39 09 15 63 46 63 51 61 45 50 62 57 18 24 04 25 52 34 20 04 32 58 59 58 41 57 48 46 63 39 34 12 30 08 06 02 09 23 05 03 21 03 43 41 24 28 20 18 61 60 43 05 16 47 62 55 37 11 13 31 60 30 52 54 10 59 19 15 35 30 19 01 31 33 41 22 56 16

Business agility

Greece

Argentina

Hong Kong SAR Australia

Hong Kong SAR 08

Hungary Iceland

43 27 44 19 16 41 23 50

Austria Bahrain Belgium Botswana

India

Indonesia

Indonesia 56

Brazil

Ireland

Bulgaria Canada

Israel

Italy

Chile China

Japan Jordan

Kazakhstan Korea Rep. Croatia Cyprus Lithuania Luxembourg Estonia Finland Malaysia Denmark France Mexico Netherlands New Zealand Hungary Colombia Germany Greece Kuwait Latvia Mongolia

Kazakhstan Korea Rep. 35 10

Kuwait Latvia

Czech Republic

Lithuania 30

Luxembourg 21

Malaysia

26 49

Mexico

Mongolia 62

Netherlands New Zealand 06 18

Hong Kong SAR

Norway

09 61

Iceland

Peru

India

Philippines

Philippines 55

Indonesia

Poland

33 34 31 46

Ireland

Portugal Israel

Portugal

Qatar

Italy

Romania Japan

Romania

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