IMD World Digital Competitiveness

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES ITALY

u Overall top strengths Overall Top Strengths

w Overall top weaknesses Overall Top Weaknesses

KNOWLEDGE

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 44 42 40 43 46 57 58 60 58 58 23 22 25 23 23

Sub-Factors

Talent

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Talent

Rank

Rank

Rank

28 28 36 06 14 46 12

29 57 52 44 42 46

52 45 50 49 36 51

Employee training

Total expenditure on R&D (%)

w

Educational assessment PISA - Math

Total public expenditure on education

Total R&D personnel per capita

w International experience

Higher education achievement

Female researchers

Foreign highly skilled personnel

Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)

R&D productivity by publication

u

Management of cities

Graduates in Sciences

Scientific and technical employment

u

Digital/Technological skills

Women with degrees

High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D

Net flow of international students

u

TECHNOLOGY

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 44 48 42 38 41 53 54 48 41 48 46 43 44 44 45

Sub-Factors

Regulatory framework Capital

Technological framework

Capital

Technological framework

Regulatory framework

Rank

Rank

Rank

45 44 21 44 43 48

42 56 17 45 42 25

40 40 49 50 57 18

IT & media stock market capitalization

Communications technology

Starting a business

Funding for technological development

Mobile broadband subscribers

w Enforcing contracts u Immigration laws

Banking and financial services

Wireless broadband

Country credit rating

Internet users

Development & application of tech.

Venture capital

Internet bandwidth speed

w

Scientific research legislation

Investment in Telecommunications

High-tech exports (%)

Intellectual property rights

FUTURE READINESS

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 35 42 36 32 31 31 23 19 30 33 34 39 38 40 41

Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility

IT integration

Business agility

IT integration

Adaptive attitudes

Rank

Rank

Rank

34 46 42 33 48 34

29 31 40 27 43

26 06 39 56 39 28

Opportunities and threats

E-Government

E-Participation

World robots distribution

Public-private partnerships

u

Internet retailing

Agility of companies

Cyber security

Tablet possession

Use of big data and analytics

Software piracy

w

Smartphone possession

Knowledge transfer

Government cyber security capacity

Attitudes toward globalization

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

Privacy protection by law content

111