IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2020

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL NETHERLANDS

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Amsterdam

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

42 2019

4

4

0.893 2019 17.41 2019 880.5 2019 57,732 2019 1.8 2019 2.67 2019 3.40 2019 9.30 2019 10.55 2019 1,673.8 2018

5

Exchange Rate (per $)

6

8

33

Population - market size (millions)

CHALLENGES IN 2020 Counter the economic downturn from Covid-19 by decisive fiscal policy response without unduly burdening public debt. • Counter the economic downturn from Covid-19 by decisive fiscal policy response without unduly burdening public debt. • Increased focus, especially due to this crisis, on R&D (notably Key Enabling Technologies e.g. A.I. and Biotechnology) that support the health and resilience of society and stimulate productivity growth. • Continue to push for ambitious climate change plans to reduce emissions without compromising competitiveness. • Ensure Dutch position in international trade networks and maintain an attractive investment climate.

17

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

10

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

38

Real GDP growth (%)

42

Consumer price inflation (%)

12

Unemployment rate (%)

30

Labor force (millions)

4

Current account balance (% of GDP)

4

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO- NCW), The Hague Provi d by: Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO- NCW), The Hague

3.19 2019

16

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

2

2 4

3

3

4 4

5

7

8

8

9 9

12

13 15 14

15

46

50

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (34 countries)

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

1

3

2

4

4

3

3

5

7

5

91

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2020