IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2020

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL BULGARIA

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Sofia

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

111 2019

48

48

48

1.747 2019 7.00 2019 67.9 2019 24,418 2019

49

Exchange Rate (per $)

50

46

Population - market size (millions)

CHALLENGES IN 2020 The Covid-19 crisis underscored the low digitalisation of the economy and public governance issues. • The Covid-19 crisis underscored the low digitalisation of the economy and public governance issues. • Lack of progress on judicial system improvements and control of corruption curtail economic potential. • Structural reforms to join ERM II and the Banking Union are slow. • Further efforts should be made to curb the informal economy and improve public sector performance. • Energy dependence on Russia and slow reforms of the energy sector drag economic performance.

54

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

48

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

3.4 2019 2.46 2019 4.20 2019 3.38 2019 4.10 2019 49.3 2018 2.21 2019

15

Real GDP growth (%)

40

Consumer price inflation (%)

24

Unemployment rate (%)

46

Labor force (millions)

17

Current account balance (% of GDP)

51

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Centre for the Study of Democracy, Sofia Provided by: Centre for the Study of Democracy, Sofia

31

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

8

21 24

23

29

43

45 46

45

46

46 48 50 51

50

52

52

57 54 54

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (34 countries)

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

27

32

32

32

28

28

28

33

33

29

59

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2020