IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2023
FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES SAUDI ARABIA
u Overall top strengths v r ll T Str t
w Overall top weaknesses w Overall Top Weaknesses
KNOWLEDGE
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 20 34 32 28 19 38 34 34 24 30 59 62 64 58 55
Sub-Factors
Talent
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Talent
Rank
Rank
Rank
51 50 16 13 55 38 54
56 07 11 14 06 36
21 11 32 41 31 33
Employee training
Total expenditure on R&D (%)
w Educational assessment PISA - Math
Total public expenditure on education
Total R&D personnel per capita
International experience
Higher education achievement
Female researchers
Foreign highly skilled personnel
Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)
R&D productivity by publication
Management of cities
Graduates in Sciences
Scientific and technical employment
w
Digital/Technological skills
Women with degrees
High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D
Net flow of international students
w
TECHNOLOGY
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 39 25 30 25 14 13 05 15 22 09 54 47 35 34 36
Sub-Factors
Regulatory framework Capital
Technological framework
Capital
Technological framework
Regulatory framework
Rank
Rank
Rank
12 30 23 11 42 62
22 36 26 02 10 22
49 01 11 28 03 19
IT & media stock market capitalization
Communications technology
Starting a business
Funding for technological development
Mobile broadband subscribers
u
Enforcing contracts
Banking and financial services
Wireless broadband
Immigration laws
Country credit rating
Internet users
u Development & application of tech.
Venture capital
Internet bandwidth speed
u
Scientific research legislation
Investment in Telecommunications
High-tech exports (%)
w
Intellectual property rights
FUTURE READINESS
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 50 37 46 33 32 36 28 35 32 25 30 24 24 33 29
Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility
IT integration
Business agility
IT integration
Adaptive attitudes
Rank
Rank
Rank
29 01 02 38 22 62
39 51 47 03 17
13 51 13 07 17 47
Opportunities and threats
E-Government
E-Participation
World robots distribution
Public-private partnerships
u
Internet retailing
Agility of companies
Cyber security
u
Tablet possession
Use of big data and analytics
Software piracy
Smartphone possession
Knowledge transfer
Government cyber security capacity
Attitudes toward globalization
Entrepreneurial fear of failure
Privacy protection by law content
w
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