IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2023
FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES ITALY
u Overall top strengths v r ll T Str t
w Overall top weaknesses w Overall Top Weaknesses
KNOWLEDGE
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 44 42 40 43 46 57 58 60 58 58 23 22 25 23 23
Sub-Factors
Talent
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Talent
Rank
Rank
Rank
28 28 36 06 14 46 12
29 57 52 44 42 46
52 45 50 49 36 51
Employee training
Total expenditure on R&D (%)
w
Educational assessment PISA - Math
Total public expenditure on education
Total R&D personnel per capita
w International experience
Higher education achievement
Female researchers
Foreign highly skilled personnel
Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)
R&D productivity by publication
u
Management of cities
Graduates in Sciences
Scientific and technical employment
u
Digital/Technological skills
Women with degrees
High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D
Net flow of international students
u
TECHNOLOGY
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 44 48 42 38 41 53 54 48 41 48 46 43 44 44 45
Sub-Factors
Regulatory framework Capital
Technological framework
Capital
Technological framework
Regulatory framework
Rank
Rank
Rank
45 44 21 44 43 48
42 56 17 45 42 25
40 40 49 50 57 18
IT & media stock market capitalization
Communications technology
Starting a business
Funding for technological development
Mobile broadband subscribers
w Enforcing contracts u Immigration laws
Banking and financial services
Wireless broadband
Country credit rating
Internet users
Development & application of tech.
Venture capital
Internet bandwidth speed
w
Scientific research legislation
Investment in Telecommunications
High-tech exports (%)
Intellectual property rights
FUTURE READINESS
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 35 42 36 32 31 31 23 19 30 33 34 39 38 40 41
Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility
IT integration
Business agility
IT integration
Adaptive attitudes
Rank
Rank
Rank
34 46 42 33 48 34
29 31 40 27 43
26 06 39 56 39 28
Opportunities and threats
E-Government
E-Participation
World robots distribution
Public-private partnerships
u
Internet retailing
Agility of companies
Cyber security
Tablet possession
Use of big data and analytics
Software piracy
w
Smartphone possession
Knowledge transfer
Government cyber security capacity
Attitudes toward globalization
Entrepreneurial fear of failure
Privacy protection by law content
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