IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2023

FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES MALAYSIA

u Overall top strengths v r ll T Str t

w Overall top weaknesses w Overall Top Weaknesses

KNOWLEDGE

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 22 30 30 36 30 11 08 09 10 17 27 26 32 35 36

Sub-Factors

Talent

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Training & education

Scientific concentration

Talent

Rank

Rank

Rank

40 43 07 23 49 49 29

41 34 27 16 25 30

39 44 37 33 02 04

Employee training

Total expenditure on R&D (%)

Educational assessment PISA - Math

Total public expenditure on education

Total R&D personnel per capita

International experience

Higher education achievement

Female researchers

u

Foreign highly skilled personnel

Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)

R&D productivity by publication

Management of cities

Graduates in Sciences

Scientific and technical employment

u

w

Digital/Technological skills

Women with degrees

High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D

u

w

Net flow of international students

TECHNOLOGY

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 29 35 35 40 36 14 18 31 33 32 20 15 15 16 16

Sub-Factors

Regulatory framework Capital

Technological framework

Capital

Technological framework

Regulatory framework

Rank

Rank

Rank

42 29 27 27 36 05

52 27 33 27 31 30

17 28 21 39 28 40

IT & media stock market capitalization

Communications technology

w Starting a business Enforcing contracts

Funding for technological development

Mobile broadband subscribers

Banking and financial services

Wireless broadband

Immigration laws

Country credit rating

Internet users

Development & application of tech.

Venture capital

Internet bandwidth speed

Scientific research legislation

Investment in Telecommunications

High-tech exports (%)

u

Intellectual property rights

FUTURE READINESS

2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 30 30 29 30 27 17 30 27 35 37 33 33 31 31 33

Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility

IT integration

Business agility

IT integration

Adaptive attitudes

Rank

Rank

Rank

46 22 35 45 05 56

42 48 24 08 32

39 22 38 32 36 26

Opportunities and threats

E-Government

E-Participation

World robots distribution

Public-private partnerships

w Internet retailing

Agility of companies

Cyber security

Tablet possession

Use of big data and analytics

Software piracy

Smartphone possession

Knowledge transfer

Government cyber security capacity

u

Attitudes toward globalization

Entrepreneurial fear of failure

Privacy protection by law content

w

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