IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2023
FACTORS BREAKDOWN - STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES TURKEY
u Overall top strengths v r ll T Str t
w Overall top weaknesses w Overall Top Weaknesses
KNOWLEDGE
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 52 38 49 47 51 63 62 63 63 63 43 45 41 41 41
Sub-Factors
Talent
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Training & education
Scientific concentration
Talent
Rank
Rank
Rank
36 41 31 09 43 50 28
38 52 51 52 47 25
48 35 41 59 59 49
Employee training
Total expenditure on R&D (%)
Educational assessment PISA - Math
Total public expenditure on education
Total R&D personnel per capita
International experience
Higher education achievement
Female researchers
Foreign highly skilled personnel
Pupil-teacher ratio (tertiary education)
R&D productivity by publication
w
u
Management of cities
Graduates in Sciences
Scientific and technical employment
w
Digital/Technological skills
Women with degrees
High-tech patent grants Robots in Education and R&D
Net flow of international students
TECHNOLOGY
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 38 34 41 44 40 56 51 60 60 60 50 51 48 52 53
Sub-Factors
Regulatory framework Capital
Technological framework
Capital
Technological framework
Regulatory framework
Rank
Rank
Rank
56 20 56 47 61 58
35 20 32 50 47 53
42 52 51 62 51 42
IT & media stock market capitalization
Communications technology
Starting a business
Funding for technological development
Mobile broadband subscribers
u
Enforcing contracts
Banking and financial services
Wireless broadband
Immigration laws
Country credit rating
Internet users
w
Development & application of tech.
Venture capital
Internet bandwidth speed
w
Scientific research legislation
Investment in Telecommunications
High-tech exports (%)
w
Intellectual property rights
FUTURE READINESS
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 38 32 34 42 40 44 20 29 42 35 48 42 47 54 55
Sub-Factors Adaptive attitudes Business agility
IT integration
Business agility
IT integration
Adaptive attitudes
Rank
Rank
Rank
42 49 54 49 42 55
17 42 51 16 30
31 18 26 44 48 16
Opportunities and threats
E-Government
u E-Participation
World robots distribution
Public-private partnerships
Internet retailing
Agility of companies
Cyber security
Tablet possession
Use of big data and analytics
Software piracy
u Smartphone possession
Knowledge transfer
Government cyber security capacity
Attitudes toward globalization
Entrepreneurial fear of failure
Privacy protection by law content
u
173
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