IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2023

Competitiveness Country Profiles

New Zealand Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Wellington

268 2022

20

21

1,577 2022

22

Exchange rate (per $)

31

31

5,14 2022 50 241,1 2022 44 50.831 2022 29 2,4 2022 51 7,17 2022 25 3,80 2021 17 2,93 2022 46 -8,81 2022 60 91,9 2021 48 1,82 2021 42

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2023

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

Brain drain.

•

Real GDP growth (%)

• Economy and infrastructure not resilient to climate change. • Short-term policy outlook misses the long-term structural changes needed. • Vulnerabilities in core pillars of society (health system, education system). • Low-wage high-cost economy.

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Kerridge & Partners, Auckland

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices Attitudes & Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health & Environment Education

15 14

15

20 23 22

25 21

26

27 23

27

31 33

39

43

53

53 49

62

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (37 countries)

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

14

5

15

15

6

6

20

7

21

9

97