IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2023

Italy Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rome

302 2022

41

41

41

0,950 2022

Exchange rate (per $)

44

44

Population - market size (millions) 59,00 2022 15 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions) 2.010,4 2022 09 GDP (PPP) per capita (US$) 51.224 2022 28 Real GDP growth (%) 3,7 2022 33 Consumer price inflation (%) 8,74 2022 39 Unemployment rate (%) 9,56 2021 57 Labor force (millions) 24,92 2021 16 Current account balance (% of GDP) -0,73 2022 32 Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 454,9 2021 19 Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP) 0,89 2021 52

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices Attitudes & Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health & Environment Education

15

16

21 20

28

32 32

34

35 39 36

42 40

43

50

53

56

58

63 61

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (41 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (27 countries)

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

27

16

16

28

28

17

18

18

29

29

84 Competitiveness Country Profiles