IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2023

Greece Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Athens

132 2022

46

47

49

49

0,950 2022

58

Exchange rate (per $)

10,64 2022 34 219,1 2022 47 36.434 2022 45 5,9 2022 14 9,30 2022 43 12,40 2022 60 4,73 2022 39 -9,69 2022 63 45,8 2021 51 2,85 2021 32

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2023

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• Continue special measures to mitigate the effect of rising energy prices. • Leverage the employability of the workforce by introducing training programs, supporting the twin transformation of the Greek economy. • Attract FDIs by capitalizing on the signaling effect of flagship investments and accelerating the implementation process. • Adapt the local industrial ecosystem to the principles of energy efficiency and circular economy. • Introduce a special program for the transformation of the industrial ecosystem towards Industry 4.0.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Federation of Industries of Greece (SBE), Thessaloniki

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices Attitudes & Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health & Environment Education

24

34 36

38

40

41 43 45

44

45

46 49

52

52 48

54 49 59

60

61

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (41 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (37 countries)

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

28

29

30

30

32

30

32

33

34

37

76 Competitiveness Country Profiles