IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2023

China Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Beijing

9.600 2022 6,737 2022

14

16

17

Exchange rate (per $)

20

21

2022 01 2022 02

Population - market size (millions)

1.411,75

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

17.963,2

21.303 2022 53 3,0 2022 41 1,88 2022 01 5,60 2022 38 780,24 2021 01 2,32 2022 21 2.064,0 2021 04

CHALLENGES IN 2023

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• Maintain stable economic growth and increase employment. • Expand domestic demand through effective investment and by boosting consumption. • Promote in-depth integration of digital and real economy to facilitate high-quality development. • Deepen reform and open up to boost market vitality. • Enhance doing business environment and restore confidence in the private economy.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

1,87 2021 41

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: China Institute for Development Planning, Tsinghua University

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices Attitudes & Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health & Environment Education

3

6

9 10

13

14

18

22

27

28 25

29

31 31

33 32

34

36 39

39

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (27 countries)

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

3

3

5

5

6

4

4

7

5

5

66 Competitiveness Country Profiles