IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2023

Netherlands Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Amsterdam

42 2022

4

4

5

0,950 2022

Exchange rate (per $)

6

6

17,83 2022 31 924,9 2022 17 68.782 2022 12 5,4 2022 19 11,63 2022 47 3,50 2022 11 9,69 2021 28 5,89 2022 14 2.576,2 2021 03 -14,31 2021 61

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2023

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

Deregulate cluttered legislation.

•

Real GDP growth (%)

• Navigate the fragile post-COVID-19 economic recovery, geopolitical challenges, and looming wage-price spiral inflation without burdening businesses and consumers. • Expedite the valorization of academic research, especially in key enabling technologies. • Build national consensus on measures to meet Paris climate goals. • Stimulate the construction of vital infrastructure and housing by solving legal obstacles.

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO-NCW), The Hague

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

4 2 2 Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

4 6 1 Management Practices Attitudes & Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health & Environment Education

3

4 4

7

10

10

10

11

13 11

19

19

61

63

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (41 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (37 countries)

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

4

4

3

3

5

5

6

4

4

4

96 Competitiveness Country Profiles