IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022

New Zealand Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Wellington

268 2021

20

21

1.414 2021

22

23

Exchange Rate (per $)

31

5.12 2021 50 247.6 2021 43 46,584 2021 26 5.0 2021 31 3.94 2021 44 3.80 2021 11 2.91 2021 47 -5.57 2021 56 91.5 2020 47 1.93 2020 27

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2022

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• Labour shortages across almost all sectors of the economy. • Low productivity and resultant lack of competitiveness on wages. • High house prices and stubborn inequality. • Short term policy thinking, short term societal (non- political) thinking. • Slow transition of habits (consumption) and industry (investment) to low carbon economy.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Kerridge & Partners, Auckland

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

16

17

17 14

23 23 22

25

27

28 28

33 30

37

40

45

46

48 46

54

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

14

5

15

15

15

6

6

7

7

21

92 Competitiveness Country Profiles

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