IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022

Competitiveness Country Profiles

Netherlands Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Amsterdam

42 2021

4

4

4

0.845 2021

Exchange Rate (per $)

6

6

17.44 2021 31 990.2 2021 16 62,969 2021 11 4.8 2021 36 2.83 2021 30 4.20 2021 14 9.34 2020 28 9.72 2021 09 2,890.6 2020 02 -16.36 2020 62

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2022

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• React to the Russian-Ukrainian conflict by facilitating solutions to supply chain issues. • Navigate the fragile post-COVID economic recovery, geopolitical challenges and looming wage- and price spiral- inflation, without burdening businesses and consumers. • Expedite government, academic and private valorisation of academic research, especially in key enabling technologies. • Build national consensus on measures to meet Paris climate goals. • Stimulate construction of vital infrastructure and housing by solving legal obstacles.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO-NCW), The Hague

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

7 5 7 5 Institutional Framework Business Legislation

1 2 Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

3

4

7

9 4 10

11 15 11

12

25

46

52

59

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

1

3

4

4

3

3

5

6

4

4

91

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