IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022

Competitiveness Country Profiles

Germany Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Berlin

15

15

15

358 2021

0.845 2021

Exchange Rate (per $)

17

17

Population - market size (millions) 83.20 2021 10 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions) 4,223.1 2021 04 GDP (PPP) per capita (US$) 58,377 2021 16 Real GDP growth (%) 2.9 2021 56 Consumer price inflation (%) 3.21 2021 35 Unemployment rate (%) 3.58 2021 08 Labor force (millions) 43.04 2021 09 Current account balance (% of GDP) 7.43 2021 12 Direct investment stocks inward ($bn) 1,059.3 2020 10 Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP) 2.93 2020 16

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

2 6 Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

11 8 7 12

11 15

12

13

18

21

21

23

24

27

33

37

46

54

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (27 countries)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

10

10

10

11

12

4

4

4

4

5

71