IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022

Estonia Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Tallinn

45 2021

0.845 2021

22

Exchange Rate (per $)

26

28

31

1.33 2021 60 36.3 2021 59 42,084 2021 34 8.4 2021 11 4.49 2021 47 6.20 2021 34 0.69 2021 60 -1.13 2021 39 34.4 2020 53 11.54 2020 06

Population - market size (millions)

35

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2022

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• Accelerate the development of innovation and infrastructure. • Reducing skilled labor shortages. • Strengthening defense capabilities. • Ensuring energy security. • Take measures to employ Ukrainian war refugees.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: Estonian Institute of Economic Research (EKI)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

9

11 8

14

15

16

22

24 24

24

26

29

29 31

35

37

37

37

40

45

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

15

16

16

17

18

18

19

19

21

22

68 Competitiveness Country Profiles