IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022
Competitiveness Country Profiles
Bulgaria Competitiveness Trends – Overall
OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)
BASIC FACTS
Rank
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Capital Land area (square km '000)
Sofia
111 2021
48
48
48
1.654 2021
Exchange Rate (per $)
6.92 2021 44 80.3 2021 51 25,760 2021 48 4.2 2021 43 2.84 2021 32 5.30 2021 28 3.25 2021 44 -2.04 2021 47 59.7 2020 50 3.87 2020 12
53
53
Population - market size (millions)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)
CHALLENGES IN 2022
GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)
• Geopolitical disruption and rising inflation, driven by energy costs. • Inconsistent energy and climate policies. • Confrontation between the Executive and the Judiciary. • Lack of credible anticorruption enforcement. • Limited investment in R&D and innovation.
Real GDP growth (%)
Consumer price inflation (%)
Unemployment rate (%)
Labor force (millions)
Current account balance (% of GDP)
Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)
Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)
PROVIDED BY: Centre for the Study of Democracy, Sofia
COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE
Economic Performance Government Efficiency
Business Efficiency
Infrastructure
Domestic Economy
International Trade
International Investment Employment Prices
Public Finance Tax Policy
Institutional Framework Business Legislation
Societal Framework
Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance
Management Practices
Attitudes and Values
Basic Infrastructure
Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure
Health and Environment Education
7
19
20
38
46
49 49 47 49 46 52
50
51
56 54 54
59
60
60
63
PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)
POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
28
28
28
31
32
32
32
36
37
33
59
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