IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022

Competitiveness Country Profiles

Romania Competitiveness Trends – Overall

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)

BASIC FACTS

Rank

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Capital Land area (square km '000)

Bucharest

238 2021

48

49

49

4.160 2021

Exchange Rate (per $)

19.33 2021 29 284.1 2021 40 33,716 2021 43 5.9 2021 24 5.05 2021 52 5.30 2021 28 8.97 2020 31 -7.06 2021 60 107.5 2020 43 1.44 2020 36

51

51

Population - market size (millions)

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

CHALLENGES IN 2022

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

• Immediate and massive support for the recovery of our economy after the COVID-19 Pandemic. • Economic and social measures for increasing the resilience of our economy to the crisis caused by the war in Ukraine and the rising energy prices. • Reforms and investments in areas of smart specialization, research, development and innovation. • Economic and social measures to tackle inflation and generate new production capacities and quality, stable jobs. • Provide support allowing companies to continue investing for their competitiveness improvement.

Real GDP growth (%)

Consumer price inflation (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

Labor force (millions)

Current account balance (% of GDP)

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

PROVIDED BY: CIT-IRECSON Center of Technological Information, Bucharest

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

29

33

33

39 43

41

44

45

46 44

47

47

51

51

51

55

57

60 59 61

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

32

32

29

29

29

33

30

34

32

35

99

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