IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2022
Competitiveness Country Profiles
Romania Competitiveness Trends – Overall
OVERALL PERFORMANCE (63 countries)
BASIC FACTS
Rank
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Capital Land area (square km '000)
Bucharest
238 2021
48
49
49
4.160 2021
Exchange Rate (per $)
19.33 2021 29 284.1 2021 40 33,716 2021 43 5.9 2021 24 5.05 2021 52 5.30 2021 28 8.97 2020 31 -7.06 2021 60 107.5 2020 43 1.44 2020 36
51
51
Population - market size (millions)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)
CHALLENGES IN 2022
GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)
• Immediate and massive support for the recovery of our economy after the COVID-19 Pandemic. • Economic and social measures for increasing the resilience of our economy to the crisis caused by the war in Ukraine and the rising energy prices. • Reforms and investments in areas of smart specialization, research, development and innovation. • Economic and social measures to tackle inflation and generate new production capacities and quality, stable jobs. • Provide support allowing companies to continue investing for their competitiveness improvement.
Real GDP growth (%)
Consumer price inflation (%)
Unemployment rate (%)
Labor force (millions)
Current account balance (% of GDP)
Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)
Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)
PROVIDED BY: CIT-IRECSON Center of Technological Information, Bucharest
COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE
Economic Performance Government Efficiency
Business Efficiency
Infrastructure
Domestic Economy
International Trade
International Investment Employment Prices
Public Finance Tax Policy
Institutional Framework Business Legislation
Societal Framework
Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance
Management Practices
Attitudes and Values
Basic Infrastructure
Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure
Health and Environment Education
29
33
33
39 43
41
44
45
46 44
47
47
51
51
51
55
57
60 59 61
PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (40 countries)
POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (36 countries)
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
32
32
29
29
29
33
30
34
32
35
99
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