IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2021

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL NETHERLANDS

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Amsterdam

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

42 2020

4

4

4

0.876 2020 17.41 2020 912.5 2020 57,533 2020

5

Exchange Rate (per $)

6

33

Population - market size (millions)

CHALLENGES IN 2021 Maximize COVID-vaccine rollout so as to safely reopen the economy as soon as possible. • Maximize COVID-vaccine rollout so as to safely reopen the economy as soon as possible. • Create recovery plan focussed on reducing company debt and stimulate investments, without raising taxes for coming years. • Expedite government and private focus on investing in key enabling technologies. • Build national consensus on measures to meet Paris climate goals. • Stimulate construction of vital infrastructure and housing by solving legal obstacles.

17

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

11

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

-3.7 2020 1.12 2020 4.80 2020 9.34 2020 7.78 2020

24

Real GDP growth (%)

34

Consumer price inflation (%)

19

Unemployment rate (%)

30

Labor force (millions)

7

Current account balance (% of GDP)

1,749.8 2019

5

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO- NCW), The Hague Provi d by: Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers (VNO- NCW), The Hague

3.93 2019

16

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

3 4 4 International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

2 4 Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

2

2

4 7

6

6

8

10

12

13

15

16

16

48

60

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (41 countries)

POPULATIONS < 20 MILLION (35 countries)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

1

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

4

5

90

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2021