IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2021

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL JAPAN

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Tokyo

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

378 2020

0.107 2020 125.84 2020 5,051.0 2020 42,222 2020 -4.8 2020 -0.02 2020 2.80 2020 68.68 2020 3.28 2020 222.5 2019 0.78 2019

Exchange Rate (per $)

25

26

30

31

34

8

Population - market size (millions)

CHALLENGES IN 2021 Dealing with the pandemic and protecting the lives and livelihoods of the people. • Dealing with the pandemic and protecting the lives and livelihoods of the people. • Developing human resources who will propel social reform and strengthening investment in intangible assets. • Accelerating the investment and implementation of digitization to construct the ‘New Normal Lifestyle’. • Establishing a new global cooperation through stronger international cooperation and partnerships. • Building a nation of multipolar partnerships and revitalizing local communities.

3

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

25

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

31

Real GDP growth (%)

17

Consumer price inflation (%)

3

Unemployment rate (%)

7

Labor force (millions)

23

Current account balance (% of GDP)

28

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc., Tokyo Provided by: Mitsubishi Research Institute Inc., Tokyo

53

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

2

8

8 9

9

15

24

27

32

32

34

42

43

43

43

55

57

61

62

63

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (29 countries)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

8

8

9

9

10

10

10

12

12

13

80

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2021