IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2021

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL GERMANY

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Berlin

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

358 2020

0.876 2020 83.16 2020 3,806.1 2020 54,076 2020 -4.9 2020 0.37 2020 4.18 2020 43.77 2019 6.94 2020 953.3 2019 1.75 2019

Exchange Rate (per $)

13

15

15

17

17

11

Population - market size (millions)

4

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

---

16

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

32

Real GDP growth (%)

23

Consumer price inflation (%)

9

Unemployment rate (%)

9

Labor force (millions)

8

Current account balance (% of GDP)

10

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

---

41

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

4 7

6 6

7

8

13 15 17 14

21

21 24

22 25

25

29

40

45

57

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS EUROPE - MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA (41 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (29 countries)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

3

9

10

10

4

4

4

11

12

5

70

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2021