IMD World Competitiveness Booklet 2021

COMPETITIVENESS TRENDS - OVERALL CHINA

OVERALL PERFORMANCE (64 countries)

BASIC FACTS Capital Land area (square km '000)

Rank

Beijing

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

9,563 2020 6.901 2020

13

14

16

Exchange Rate (per $)

18

20

1,411.78 2020 14,722.8 2020 17,101 2020

1

Population - market size (millions)

CHALLENGES IN 2021 Stimulate domestic consumption to promote high-quality socio- economic development. • Stimulate domestic consumption to promote high-quality socio- economic development. • Strengthen anti-monopoly and prevent disorderly expansion of capital. • Manage the economic and social uncertainty caused by COVID- 19 pandemic. • Promote international cooperation to meet the challenge of climate change. • Address challenges posed by increasingly serious population ageing.

2

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (US$ billions)

52

GDP (PPP) per capita (US$)

2.3 2020 2.39 2020 4.20 2020

3

Real GDP growth (%)

44

Consumer price inflation (%)

10

Unemployment rate (%)

811.04 2019

1

Labor force (millions)

1.86 2020

31

Current account balance (% of GDP)

1,769.5 2019

4

Direct investment stocks inward ($bn)

China Institute for Development Planning, Tsinghua University Provided by: China Institute for Development Planning, Tsinghua University

1.31 2019

49

Direct investment flows inward (% of GDP)

COMPETITIVENESS LANDSCAPE

Economic Performance

Government Efficiency

Business Efficiency

Infrastructure

Domestic Economy

International Trade

International Investment Employment Prices

Public Finance

Tax Policy

Institutional Framework Business Legislation

Societal Framework

Productivity & Efficiency Labor Market Finance

Management Practices

Attitudes and Values

Basic Infrastructure

Technological Infrastructure Scientific Infrastructure

Health and Environment Education

1

5 8

7

9 10

12 15

20

20 23

22 20

27

28

33 31

34

34

60

PEER GROUPS RANKINGS ASIA - PACIFIC (14 countries)

POPULATIONS > 20 MILLION (29 countries)

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

3

3

3

3

5

5

4

7

5

5

61

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS BOOKLET 2021