Digital Ranking 2022

1.3.4

R&D productivity by publication NSF Science & Engineering Indicators 2021 Courtesy: National Science Foundation National sources

The indicator is calculated as a ratio between the number of scientific articles by author’s origin and the total expenditure in R&D as % GDP, which clearly include the input costs to produce research (e.g. researchers’ salaries, equipement etc.). The result gives therefore the number of scientific articles published every year for a one percent (of GDP) expenditure in R&D activities. This measure can be consider as a proxy to assess the efficiency (or productivity) in producing high-level scientific research at country level. Scientific and technical employment Eurostat OECD (2022), “Labour Force Statistics: Employment by activities and status”, OECD Employment and Labour Market

1.3.5

Statistics ILOSTAT National sources

Scientific and technical employment as a % of total employment. Defined as formal employment within the ‘scientific and technical’ sector. For more information, refer to NACE2 category M (or equivalent). Philippines: 2020 data are preliminary figures for October 2020.

1.3.6

High-tech patent grants WIPO Statistics Database http://www.wipo.int/ipstats/en/statistics/patents/ TIPO for Taiwan, China

High-Tech patent grants as a percentage of total patent grants (Direct and PCT national phase entries) by applicant’s origin. Three year average to reduce volatility. Counts are based on the grant date. Country of origin refers to the country of residency of the first-named applicant in the application. Taiwan, China: data compiled by TIPO using data supplied by international patent offices (USPTO, JPO, EPO, KIPO, SIPO).

1.3.7

Robots in Education and R&D World Robotics 2022 International Federation of Robotics (IFR)

Industrial robot as defined by ISO 8373:2012: an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose manipulator programmable in three or more axes, which can be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications. The primary source is data on robot installations by country, industry and application that nearly all industrial robot suppliers worldwide report to the IFR Statistical Department directly. Several national robot associations collect data on their national robot markets and provide their results as secondary data to the IFR. This data is used to validate and complete the IFR primary data.

IFR Statistical Departments estimates the operational stock assuming an average service life of 12 years with an immediate withdrawal from service afterwards.

1.3.7

Robots in Education and R&D (number of robots) World Robotics 2020 International Federation of Robotics (IFR)

Industrial robot as defined by ISO 8373:2012: an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipur

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