Digital Ranking 2022

Knowledge

Talent

1.1.1

Educational assessment PISA - Math PISA 2018 (OECD) http://www.oecd.org/pisa/

The OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a regular survey of 15-year olds which assesses aspects of their preparedness for adult life. PISA selects a sample of students that represents the full population of 15-year-old students in each participating country or education system, in both public and private schools. Mathematical literacy: an individual’s capacity to identify and understand the role that mathematics plays in the world, to make well-founded judgments and to use and engage with mathematics in ways that meet the needs of that individual’s life as a constructive, concerned and reflective citizen. Scientific literacy: an individual’s scientific knowledge and use of that knowledge to identify questions, to acquire new knowledge, to explain scientific phenomena, and to draw evidence based conclusions about science-related issues, understanding of the characteristic features of science as a form of human knowledge and enquiry, awareness of how science and technology shape our material, intellectual, and cultural environments, and willingness to engage in science-related issues, and with the ideas of science, as a reflective citizen. Hong Kong (China), Netherlands, Portugal and United States: Data did not meet the PISA technical standards but were accepted as largely comparable. China: limited regions (B-S-J-Z); the municipalities of Beijing and Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang participated.

1.1.6

Net flow of international students UNESCO http://stats.uis.unesco.org

Net flow of internationally mobile students (inbound from abroad studying in a given country minus outbound from a given country), both sexes, in tertiary education. Data can refer to the school or financial year prior or after the reference year.

Training & education

1.2.2

Total public expenditure on education IMF Government Finance Statistics Eurostat March 2022 UNESCO http://stats.uis.unesco.org National sources

Total general (local, regional and central) government expenditure in educational institutions (current and capital). It excludes transfers to private entities such as subsidies to households and students, but includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. It includes pre-primary, primary, secondary all levels and tertiary public institutions. Chile and Jordan: Budgetary central government. Philippines: Includes expenditure for items other than basic and higher education such as vocational education, culture and sports.

1.2.3

Higher education achievement OECD Education at a Glance 2021 National sources

Percentage of the population aged 25-34 that has attained tertiary-type B and tertiary-type A and advance research programs. Tertiary- type A education covers more theoretical programs that give access to advanced research programs and to professions with high general skills requirements. Tertiary-type B education covers more practical or occupationally specific programs that provide participants with a qualification of immediate relevance to the labor market. Hong Kong SAR: Figures starting from 2012 exclude post- secondary diploma or certificate and exclude foreign domestic helpers. Kazakhstan: The data were reviewed taking into account the inclusion of graduates in technical and vocational education organizations (МСКО-5). New-Zealand and Slovenia: break in series. Peru: Tertiary education type A refers to University tertiary level and terciary education type B refers to Non-university tertiary level; for 25 years and more. Singapore: proportion of resident non-students aged 25-34 years with polytechnic, professional qualification or other diploma, or university qualification. Japan: Data for tertiary education include upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary programmes (less than 5% of adults are in this group).

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