Cities in a Time of Global Emergencies

Cities in a time of global emergencies iii

IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS CENTER

For more than 30 years the IMDWorld Competitiveness Center has pioneered research on how countries and companies compete to lay the foundation for sustainable value creation. The competitiveness of nations is probably one of the most significant developments in modern management and IMD is committed to leading the field.

IMD World Competitiveness Center team: Professor Arturo Bris Director Christos Cabolis

Chief Economist and Head of Operations President, IMD-WCC Smart City Observatory Data Research and Online Services Specialist Order and Sales Administrator Research Projects Associate Manager Senior Economist

Dr Bruno Lanvin José Caballero Madeleine Hediger Catherine Jobin William Milner Marco Pistis Maryam Zargari Authors: José Caballero Fabian Grimm

Research Specialist Research Specialist

Santiago Vienna

Abdulrahman Ibrahim, Sandra Czich, Ha-Chun Kwan, Rosario Osobase

Madinah

Bruno Lanvin Marco Pistis

Kigali

Tel Aviv-Yafo

Editor: Vivien Stone, Etchingham, UK

Designer: Yves Balibouse, BBH Solutions Visuelles SNC, Vevey, Switzerland